What does the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act prohibit?

The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) specifically addresses discrimination in health insurance and employment based on genetic information. This law prohibits employers and health insurance companies from making decisions based on an individual's genetic predisposition to future health issues, as well as genetic tests and family medical history. By protecting against discrimination related to future health conditions suggested by genetic markers, GINA aims to encourage individuals to seek genetic testing and counseling without fear of adverse consequences in employment or insurance coverage. This focus on protecting individuals from biases surrounding their genetic information is a critical element of the Act, differentiating it from other types of discrimination not covered by GINA.